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Typhoon Sally (1996)
Typhoon Sally was an extremely intense tropical cyclone that caused widespread damage across southeastern Asia, particularly in China, in September 1996. Forming well east of the Philippines on September 5, Sally quickly intensified as it tracked westward within favorable conditions. The system reached tropical storm intensity several hours after tropical cyclogenesis was completed, and strengthened further into typhoon intensity the following day. On September 7, Sally reached super typhoon status shortly before attaining its peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a barometric pressure of 940 mbar (hPa; 27.76 inHg). Quickly moving across the South China Sea, Sally substantially weakened but remained a strong typhoon before making its first landfall on the Leizhou Peninsula on September 9. The tropical cyclone's trek brought it briefly over the Gulf of Tonkin before making a final landfall near the border of China and Vietnam. The typhoon rapidly deteriorated inland and dissipated later that day.
==Meteorological history==
In early September 1996, the monsoonal wind flow pattern shifted to a zone extending from the Philippines to Micronesia, in contrast to an anomalous pattern the month prior. On September 2, an area of deep atmospheric convection within this zone began to consolidate into a tropical disturbance near Guam. At this time, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began to monitor the system. Tracking northwestward, the disturbance steadily organized. Early on September 4, analysis showed that the system had developed a well-defined low-level circulation center. At 0000 UTC the following day, the JTWC upgraded the low-pressure area to tropical depression intensity, while the storm system was situated roughly 1,300 km (800 mi) east of Manila in the Philippines. The rate of intensification quickened during the day, and at 1800 UTC the depression intensified into tropical storm strength, earning it the name ''Sally''.〔
Tracking north-northwestward, Sally attained typhoon intensity by 0600 UTC on September 6.〔 At the time, the typhoon had a minimum barometric pressure of 990 mbar (hPa; 29.24 inHg) according to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Rapid intensification followed shortly afterwards, with the typhoon reaching the equivalent of Category 3 intensity by 0600 UTC on September 7. Ten hours later, the JTWC upgraded Sally to super typhoon status. At 1800 UTC, the JTWC assessed Sally to have peaked in strength with maximum sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph), equivalent to that of a Category 5 tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.〔 The JMA estimated the storm's minimum pressure at the time to be at 950 mbar (hPa; 28.06 inHg).〔 The following morning,〔 Sally accelerated into the South China Sea under the influence of a strong subtropical ridge to the north. Despite its movement over waters, the typhoon steadily weakened as it tracked westward.〔 On September 9,〔 Sally made landfall on China's Leizhou Peninsula with winds of 185 km/h (115 mph). The typhoon briefly tracked over the Gulf of Tonkin before making a second and final landfall just north of the border between China and Vietnam. Upon moving inland, Sally quickly weakened before dissipating over southwestern China on September 9.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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